Normal distribution

Normal distribution: use observation, mean, standard deviation. Review the formula, worked example and calculation steps.

Inputs

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Formula & explanation
z=(x−μ)/σ; CDF Φ(z); density exp(−z²/2)/(σ√(2π))

Variables & units

Observation
Numeric value · minimum -1000000000000, maximum 1000000000000
Mean
Numeric value · minimum -1000000000000, maximum 1000000000000
Standard deviation
Numeric value · minimum 0.000001, maximum 1000000000000
Quantity
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Worked example

At its mean, a normal distribution has CDF 0.5.

Assumptions

Normal model with supplied parameters; a density value is not a point probability. CDF approximation error is about 1.5×10⁻⁷ or less.

Formula version 1.0.0. JavaScript floating-point arithmetic applies. Results display up to 6 decimal places; stored values retain available precision. Use the units shown.

Practice with an example

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